Establishing Shot
The shot that establishes a scene by showing the important figures and objects. Generally a long or extremely long shot at the beginning of a scene which identifies where it takes place.
Extreme Long Shot
A shot that generally doesn't show much detail but meant to give an impression rather than description. It typically shows an entire person or an object.
Long Shot
The Long Shot is typically meant to show an entire object or human being. Usually appears in the distance. Similar to the Extreme Long Shot.
Medium Shot
The shot that focuses on the camera angle. Shot from a medium distance away, and shows some detail of action, but the background is not as important.
Close-up Shot
Close-up's provide the most detail, and is very broad about the background scene. The shot is meant to magnify the object.
Extreme Close-up Shot
An Extreme Close-up Shot can be used for dramatic effect. The background is usually never in the picture and generally focuses on the face of an object.
Full Shot
This shot is otherwise known as wide shot or long shot. It shows the object or human fully from head to toe. It is common to include the points of interest.
Reaction Shot
The Reaction Shot is typically meant to cut out the main scene in order to show the reaction or emotion of the character in the photograph.